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What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

Threaded Fittings

Threaded joints probably represent the oldest method of joining piping systems. Like Socket Weld fittings, threaded fittings are mainly used for small pipe diameters (Small Bore Piping); generally for piping whose nominal diameter is NPS 2 or smaller.
The dimensional standards for taper pipe threads are given in ASME B1.20.1. That document gives all required dimensions including number of threads per inch, pitch diameter, and normal engagement lengths for all pipe diameters.

  • Threaded piping is commonly used in low-cost, noncritical applications such as domestic water, fire protection, and industrial cooling water systems.
  • Threaded fittings are normally made of cast gray or malleable iron, cast brass or bronze, or forged alloy and carbon steel.
  • They are available in three pressure ratings: Class 2000, 3000 and 6000.

NPT Thread

All fittings on this page are described, are provided with NPT thread, ASME B1.20.1. The American National Pipe Thread Tapered, is the best known and most widely used connection where the pipe thread provides both the mechanical joint and the hydraulic seal. NPT has a tapered male and female thread which seals with Teflon® tape or jointing compound.

DIMENSIONS OF AMERICAN TAPER PIPE THREAD, WITH SEALANT COMPOUND

DN-NPT Major Diameter
mm
Tapping
Drill Size mm
TPI Pitch
mm
1/16″ 7.895 6.00 27 0.941
1/8″ 10.242 8.25 27 0.941
1/4″ 13.616 10.70 18 1.411
3/8″ 17.055 14.10 18 1.411
1/2″ 21.223 17.40 14 1.814
3/4″ 26.568 22.60 14 1.814
1″ 33.228 28.50 11.5 2.209
1.1/4″ 41.985 37.00 11.5 2.209
1.1/2″ 48.054 43.50 11.5 2.209
2″ 60.092 55.00 11.5 2.209
2.1/2″ 72.699 65.50 8 3.175
3″ 88.608 81.50 8 3.175
3.1/2″ 101.316 94.30 8 3.175
4″ 113.973 107.00 8 3.175
5″ 141.300 134.384 8 3.175
6″ 168.275 161.191 8 3.175
8″ 219.075 211.673 8 3.175
10″ 273.050 265.311 8 3.175
12″ 323.850 315.793 8 3.175
 
npt thread - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

TYPES OF THREADED FITTINGS BY CLASS AND SIZE

Description Class Designation
2000 3000 6000
Elbows 45 and 90 °rees
Tees, Crosses, Coupling
Half-Coupling, Cap
1/2 – 4 1/2 – 2 1/2 – 2
1/2 – 4 1/2 – 2 1/2 – 2
1/2 – 4 1/2 – 2 1/2 – 2
Pipe Wall SCH 80 / XS SCH 160 XXS

Plugs and Bushings are not identified. They may be used up through Class 6000

Fittings for Threaded Pipe systems

thd elbow 90 - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

ELBOW 90°
This Elbows make 90° changes of direction in the run of pipe. 

thd tee - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

TEE
This Tee makes 90° branch from the main run of pipe. 

thd cross - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

CROSS
Crosses makes 90° branch from the main run of pipe. 

thd elbow 45 - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

ELBOW 45°
This Elbows make 45° changes of direction in the run of pipe. 

thd full coupling - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

FULL-COUPLING
A Full Coupling, joins pipe two pipe or to a nipple etc… 

thd cap - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

CAP (END CAP)
Seals the threaded end of pipe. 

thd half coupling - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

HALF-COUPLING
The Half Coupling can be directly welded to the run pipe, to make a branch connection. 

thd square head plug - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

SQUARE HEAD PLUG
Seals the threaded end of fitting. 

thd hex head plug - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

HEX HEAD PLUG
Seals the threaded end of fitting. 

thd round head plug - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

ROUND HEAD PLUG
Seals the threaded end of fitting. 

thd bushing - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

HEX HEAD BUSHING
Can be used to reduce a threaded fitting. 

thd union - What are details of ASME B16.11 threaded fittings?

UNION (MSS SP-83)
Unions are primarily used for maintenance and installation purposes. It is a screwed joint design and it consists of three interconnected pieces. Two internally threads and a centerpiece that draws the ends together when rotated.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Threaded Fittings

ADVANTAGES

  • Installation productivity is moderately high, and specialized installation skill requirements are not extensive.
  • Leakage integrity is good for low-pressure, low-temperature installations where vibration is not encountered.

DISADVANTAGES

  • Rapid temperature changes may lead to leaks due to differential thermal expansion between the pipe and fittings.
  • Vibration can result in fatigue failures of screwed pipe joints due to the high stress intensification effects caused by the sharp notches at the base of the threads.
  • In hazardous piping systems threaded connections should be avoided, if possible. Their vulnerability to fatigue damage is significant, especially where exposed threads are subject to corrosion.


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